This article reviews evidence showing that homeless encampments have become more common across Canada as part of a broader housing and homelessness crisis, driven largely by a lack of affordable and adequate housing and systemic policy failures. It highlights that typical responses focused on clearing encampments do not address the root causes and can harm people experiencing homelessness. The authors found  coordinated, evidence-based strategies that prioritize human rights and permanent housing solutions are more beneficial than punitive measures.

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